Sunlight can have significant effects on our skin health. Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun, particularly the two main types known as UVA and UVB, have different impacts on the skin. In this article, we'll explore the effects of UVA and UVB rays on skin health and how we can protect ourselves.
UVA Rays
UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin's layers and are responsible for aging signs, wrinkles, and pigmentation spots. They can also increase the risk of skin cancer. UVA rays can penetrate through clouds and affect the skin throughout the year, even indoors.
UVB Rays
UVB rays focus on the skin's outer layers and can cause sunburn, redness, and skin cancer. UVB rays are especially intense during the summer months and at peak sun hours (typically between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM). However, they can still be effective during winter and on cloudy days.
UVA | UVB |
UVA rays have longer wavelengths and can penetrate the deeper layers of the skin. | UVB rays have shorter wavelengths and focus on the upper layers of the skin. |
UVA rays can cause deep and permanent damage to the skin. These damages usually appear as signs of aging, wrinkles, blemishes and an increased risk of skin cancer. | UVB rays cause more superficial damage to the skin. These damages often manifest with symptoms such as sunburn, rash, increased risk of skin cancer and hyperpigmentation. |
UVA rays can even pass through clouds and through glass, so they can damage skin year-round. | UVB rays are more intense, especially in the summer months and during the hours when the sun is at its highest (usually between 10.00 and 16.00). |
UVA rays can cause skin damage even when sunlight has no effect. Therefore, it is important to use sunscreen to protect the skin from exposure to sunlight. | The effect of UVB rays is generally more noticeable in the summer months, but can also have an effect on the skin in winter and on cloudy days. |
Protection
Sunscreen Usage: Sunscreen products provide protection against UVA and UVB rays. It's important to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30.
Seeking Shade: Staying in shaded areas during the peak sun hours (10:00 AM to 4:00 PM) and wearing protective clothing such as hats and sunglasses when going outside can protect your skin.
Avoiding Sun Exposure: Avoiding being outdoors during the peak sun hours can minimize skin damage.
Protective Clothing: Accessories like hats, sunglasses, and protective clothing can shield the skin from the harmful effects of the sun.